German expressionist films were prevalent in the 1920s. Amongst the most well remembered are films such as The Cabinet of Dr Caligari (Robert Weiner, 1920), Nosferatu (F.W. Murnau, 1922), Metropolis (Fritz Lang, 1927) and Sunrise (F.W. Murnau, 1927). These films were united by highly stylized visuals, strange asymmetrical camera angles, atmospheric lighting and harsh contrasts between dark and light. Shadows and silhouettes were an important feature of expressionism, to the extent that they were actually painted on to the sets in The Cabinet of Dr Caligari. […]
The story lines of German expressionist films matched the visuals in terms of darkness and disillusionment. Often sombre in mood and featuring characters from a corrupt underworld of crime, the films’ dramatic effects produced motifs of claustrophobia and paranoia. The same words could be used to describe 1940s Hollywood film noir, a genre hugely influenced by German expressionism. Film noir is typified by Bogart and Bacall in films such as The Big Sleep. Fritz Lang himself also went on to make notable film noirs such as Fury and You Only Live Once. […]
Metropolis is a stylistically avant garde science fiction film. It features an archetypal mad scientist character who creates a robot doppleganger of the film’s heroine Maria. The evil robot defies her master, ultimately leading to the destruction of the city. Director Fritz Lang is the Godfather of psychologically well rounded characters, providing believable, multi-faceted (anti) heroes, prophetic in many ways of Humphrey Bogart’s screen persona.
Another fine detail of the interwovenness of cyberpunk and film noir: The cyberpunk movie ‘Metropolis’ influences film noir, which in turn influences cyberpunk.
Why does the man sitting on the bed within that vast space seem to be so depressed?
Just leave a comment with your educated guess—you can ask for additional hints, too. [Leaving a comment is easy; just click the ‘Leave a comment’ at the end of the post and fill in the form. If it’s the first time you post a comment, it will be held for moderation. But I am constantly checking, and once I’ve approved a comment, your next ones won’t be held, but published immediately by the system.]
LUCAS, GEORGE WALTON JR. 1983. Return of the Jedi [motion picture, later retitled as Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi]. San Francisco, Los Angeles: Lucasfilm, 20th Century Fox.
At boingboing they currently have ‘a ↑series of essays about movies that have had a profound effect on our invited essayists.’ The day before yesterday it was ↑Gareth Branwyn’s turn. From his ‘Like Tears in the Rain:’
I can’t really say what made such a fundamental impact on me. The dark noir mood of the film, certainly, and the questions it raises about the nature of life, memory, what constitutes humanity, and whether “androids dream of electric sheep…” What I didn’t know I was looking at was a cyberpunk aesthetic that I would soon become completely immersed in, through the work of William Gibson, John Shirley, and others — dystopian worlds, fifteen minutes into the future, where mega-corporations run the show, where personal and planetary technologies permeate society, and where the street finds its own uses for things.
By all means, go and read ↑the whole essay—warning: it has a bitter tragic twist at the end. For now, here are the corresponding paragraphs from ‘maxmod: an ethnography of cyberculture’ (2009), my unpublished ↑Habilitationsschrift:
Besides playing, collecting and trading computer games, or turning into wiz kids destined to become millionaires, we ’80s teen kids of course are digesting popular culture by the ton—comic books, television, and the cinema are on our daily diet.
At the cinema we are not watching the likes of ‘Earth vs. The Flying Saucers,’ as Stephen King did, when he was of our age. We are reading Stephen King, and are watching the next generation—pun maybe intended. Unlike with 50s and 60s science fiction movies, computers now no more simply are funky set props, but are at the core of the plot.
In ‘Tron’ (Lisberger 1982) a hacker is split up into his molecules and then transported inside a computer. There he teams up with ‘good’ programs and fights against ‘bad’ programs. But computers do not only feature in the movie—vast portions of it were made by the aid of computers. ‘Tron’ is one of the first movie employing computer-generated graphics on a grand scale, which has the according effect on us.
The following year sees ‘WarGames’ (Badham 1983). Again a computer is at the centre of the story—and a hacker, who saves the world. We wholeheartedly embrace these stories, because they have an integral relationship with ourselves. It is us who, before we enter the cinema late afternoon, hang around at the department store, having our fingers on the keyboards of the very machines we then see on the silver screen.
Of course we do love ‘Star Wars’ (Lucas 1977, 1980, 1983), and for our lifetime will never cease to do so, but the mellow fairy tale mythology of this space operas disguised as science fiction is not enough. We are teenagers, no more ‘li’l kiddies.’ We hit adolescence, are high on testosterones, and it is the ‘harder stuff’ that fascinates us and drags us along.
‘Escape from New York’ (Carpenter 1981) is fine, but there are too less computers in it. James Cameron’s ‘The Terminator’ (1984), the breakthrough for Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger (*1947), satisfies our appetite for action in the right setting.
But what really touches us in a strange way, unsettles us within, is Ridley Scott’s ‘Blade Runner’ (1982), dealing with some profound philosophical questions which are right within anthropology’s core. E.g. ‘What is human?’ Remember: ‘Anthropology. A discourse on human nature.’ (Encyclopædia Britannica 1771: I, 327)
BADHAM, JOHN MACDONALD. 1983. War games [motion picture]. Beverly Hills: MGM/UA.
CAMERON, JAMES FRANCIS. 1984. The terminator [motion picture]. Los Angeles: Orion Pictures.
CARPENTER, JOHN HOWARD. 1981. Escape from New York [motion picture]. Los Angeles: AVCO Embassy Pictures.
ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA. 1771. Encyclopædia Britannica; or, a dictionary of arts and sciences, compiled upon a new plan. Edinburgh: Bell & Macfarquhar.
KNORR, ALEXANDER. 2009. Maxmod: An ethnography of cyberculture.[‘Habilitationsschrift,’ unpublished]
LISBERGER, STEVEN M. 1982. Tron [motion picture]. Burbank: Buena Vista.
LUCAS, GEORGE WALTON JR. 1977. Star Wars [motion picture, later retitled as Star Wars Episode IV: A new hope]. San Francisco, Los Angeles: Lucasfilm, 20th Century Fox.
LUCAS, GEORGE WALTON JR. 1980. The empire strikes back [motion picture, later retitled as Star Wars Episode V: The empire strikes back]. San Francisco, Los Angeles: Lucasfilm, 20th Century Fox.
LUCAS, GEORGE WALTON JR. 1983. Return of the Jedi [motion picture, later retitled as Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi]. San Francisco, Los Angeles: Lucasfilm, 20th Century Fox.
SCOTT, RIDLEY. 1982. Blade runner [motion picture]. Burbank: Warner Brothers.
They kept it a secret until some days ago. I am not closely following the coverage of ↑this year’s E3, but from what I read it seems that a lot of the major players in the industry put some disappointing shows on the floor. Not so Ubisoft—here I have to admit that ↵since‘↵Far Cry 2‘ I am a regular fanboy—they stunned the audience by presenting ‘↑Watch Dogs,’ which is heavily cyberpunk-drenched, truly just twenty minutes into the future, ↑at the most. Gamezone was the first to sum the available information up, but meanwhile ↑Wikipedia has a fine summing-up of gameplay and plot, as far as we know about it today:
The main gameplay mechanic of Watch Dogs is the use of hacking and surveillance—as the game’s protagonist Aiden Pierce can use any device tied to the city’s computer system as a weapon against it. During the gameplay demonstration, Aiden is seen jamming cellphones to serve as a distraction as he enters a vanity art exhibit, tapping a phone call to retrieve information about his target, and manipulating traffic lights to cause a large pileup designed to trap the target and his thugs. The player can also access information from the ctOS on the NPCs they encounter, including information on demographics, health, and their probability of violence. Combat utilizes a combination of stealth components, along with the mechanics of a cover-based third-person shooter. The E3 demo also demonstrated co-op play, as focus shifted to a second character referred to as ”Bixxel_44″ (controlled by another player) following Aiden’s successful murder, who was given orders to protect Aiden by intercepting the police trying to catch him.
The storyline of Watch Dogs is built around the concept of Information warfare, data being interconnected, and the world’s increasing use of technology—questioning who exactly runs the computers they depend on. Set in a version of Chicago, Illinois simply referred to as just the “Windy City”, it is one of many cities to feature a supercomputer known as a “ctOS” (Central Operating System). The system controls almost every piece of technology in the city, and contains information on all of the city’s residents and activities which can be used for various purposes. The game will follow an anti-hero named Aiden Pearce, a highly skilled hacker described as a person who uses both “fists and wits.” The gameplay demo shown at E3 centered on Aiden’s attempt to assassinate a media mogul named Joesph DeMarco, who had been wrongly acquitted on charges of murder.
So, rumour has it that ‘Watch Dogs’ is multiplayer and it may feature an ↑ARG-like component via an iPad app. After you’ve seen the official trailer above, delivering the background history, here’s the actual gameplay:
‘Im just five hours old … Truly beautiful to behold …’ Fresh from the mint, here is KerLeone’s very first frag movie—high quality definition, editing, and frags, plus a gorgeous soundtrack. It was he, my old on- and offline pal, who brought me to ↑Quake more than a decade ago … and it took him that long to create a frag movie :) Enjoy!
[Finally the ISP came around and switched the whole thing on. Now that I’m back the starving’s over, content at xirdalium will be updated regularly again, and of course zeph’s pop culture quiz will be maintained again. I’ll try to update as fast as possible.]
In a longer blogpost/essay ↑on his Rule 34 Charlie Stross wrote, among other things:
We’re living in the 21st century: it’s not possible to write a novel that seriously explores modern life without a background that includes rapid, cheap international travel: the commercial space industry: smartphones and the internet and spam: social networking sites, Facebook and Twitter: the rapidly shifting reference points of life expectancy, gender roles, and politics.
The mundane world we live in is rapidly accreting the baroque trappings of a science fiction novel. The internet has exploded messily across the world around us: ignoring its noxiously fermenting culture in a novel of the near-present is like ignoring the clashing influences of punk and Margaret Thatcher’s vanguard Tories in a novel set in the London of the late 1970s.
According to Kaspersky ↵Stuxnet has ↑an heir. Here are two snippets from Wired’s report on it—mind the rhetorics:
“It’s pretty fantastic and incredible in complexity,” said Alexander Gostev, chief security expert at Kaspersky Lab. […]
“It took us half-a-year to analyze Stuxnet,” he said. “This is 20-times more complicated. It will take us 10 years to fully understand everything.”
To my cyberpunk-infested mind this sounds as if some mysterious AI has written the thing, maybe even ↵Colossus himself … And if ↑this is true as well, there for sure are fun times ahead.
The lady expertly tailing the gentleman in the background—who is she?
Just leave a comment with your educated guess—you can ask for additional hints, too. [Leaving a comment is easy; just click the ‘Leave a comment’ at the end of the post and fill in the form. If it’s the first time you post a comment, it will be held for moderation. But I am constantly checking, and once I’ve approved a comment, your next ones won’t be held, but published immediately by the system.]